[{"command":"settings","settings":{"pluralDelimiter":"\u0003","suppressDeprecationErrors":true,"ajaxPageState":{"libraries":"eJw1il0KwCAMxi4k80xVKxQ-V7GCuNPvh-4lJJAEunZML8PHmEFmEJveUCquXbGrAH8ObWLsNai6LU49NC5C8bknjyNTn6LnDRanKiI","theme":"american_bold","theme_token":null},"ajaxTrustedUrl":[],"blazy":{"loadInvisible":false,"offset":100,"saveViewportOffsetDelay":50,"validateDelay":null,"container":"","loader":true,"unblazy":false,"visibleClass":false},"blazyIo":{"disconnect":false,"rootMargin":"0px","threshold":[0,0.25,0.5,0.75,1]},"user":{"uid":0,"permissionsHash":"79bb3130ca896f9a2a4a40a89023fab94a0678dcefad3f274eb5e06d6d81bbb8"}},"merge":true},{"command":"add_css","data":[{"rel":"stylesheet","media":"all","href":"\/files\/css\/css_ro59fVR1SEtw1jAoICu9lEeGbBUKbMOG7IrZyzjOdqE.css?delta=0\u0026language=en\u0026theme=american_bold\u0026include=eJwFwQEKwCAIBdALRZ7pLy0My5CCttPvvcfwvWQO1tlS8RDiOAuW0XHTEFZQVdsSuWBt9fkD-w0Tiw"}]},{"command":"add_js","selector":"body","data":[{"src":"\/files\/js\/js_XJEHenNuLCEup06x_Ld8QR4wRKz_9mp18vGadoPX0MM.js?scope=footer\u0026delta=0\u0026language=en\u0026theme=american_bold\u0026include=eJxLykmsqtRPApE6YFI_OSexuDgns7gEys_JT0yBMgvycyrTMnNyYNyi_NzM4lQorygxDcoqT00qAAD1FiIl"}]},{"command":"insert","method":"replaceWith","selector":"#","data":"\n\u003Cul  id=\u0022list-of-posts\u0022 more_link_id=\u0022node-readmore\u0022 class=\u0022news view-default list-view\u0022\u003E\n \u003Cli\u003E\u003Carticle class=\u0022news default clearfix\u0022\u003E\n\n  \n      \u003Ch2 class=\u0022node--title\u0022\u003E\n      \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/fm.ls\/news\/benedikt-holtgens-doctoral-defence\u0022 rel=\u0022bookmark\u0022\u003E\n\u003Cspan\u003EBenedikt H\u00f6ltgen\u0026#039;s doctoral defence\u003C\/span\u003E\n\u003C\/a\u003E\n    \u003C\/h2\u003E\n    \n\n  \n  \u003Cdiv class=\u0022content\u0022\u003E\n    \n            \u003Cdiv class=\u0022blazy blazy--field blazy--field-photo-media blazy--field-photo-media--default field field--name-field-photo-media field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field--mode-default field--item\u0022 data-blazy=\u0022\u0022\u003E    \u003Cdiv data-b-token=\u0022b-32e4f2aa12a\u0022 class=\u0022media media--blazy media--bundle--image media--image is-b-loading\u0022\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/fm.ls\/files\/fmls\/files\/images\/img_1649.jpg\u0022 class=\u0022slick-lightbox-item\u0022 data-caption=\u0022\u0022 show-title=\u0022\u0022\u003E  \u003Cpicture\u003E\n                  \u003Csource srcset=\u0022\/files\/styles\/gallery\/public\/fmls\/files\/images\/img_1649.webp?h=cd633b25\u0026amp;itok=GJZQ8nx8 1x\u0022 type=\u0022image\/webp\u0022 width=\u0022180\u0022 height=\u0022180\u0022\/\u003E\n              \u003Csource srcset=\u0022\/files\/styles\/gallery\/public\/fmls\/files\/images\/img_1649.jpg?h=cd633b25\u0026amp;itok=GJZQ8nx8 1x\u0022 type=\u0022image\/jpeg\u0022 width=\u0022180\u0022 height=\u0022180\u0022\/\u003E\n                  \u003Cimg width=\u0022180\u0022 height=\u0022180\u0022 class=\u0022media__element b-lazy img-responsive\u0022 srcset=\u0022\/files\/styles\/gallery\/public\/fmls\/files\/images\/img_1649.jpg?h=cd633b25\u0026amp;itok=GJZQ8nx8 1x\u0022 src=\u0022\/files\/styles\/gallery\/public\/fmls\/files\/images\/img_1649.jpg?h=cd633b25\u0026amp;itok=GJZQ8nx8\u0022 alt=\u0022Ben in doctoral hat\u0022 title=\u0022\u0022 loading=\u0022lazy\u0022 \/\u003E\n\n  \u003C\/picture\u003E\n\u003C\/a\u003E        \u003C\/div\u003E\n  \u003C\/div\u003E\n      \n            \u003Cdiv class=\u0022field field--name-field-date field--type-datetime field--label-hidden field--mode-default field--item\u0022\u003E\u003Ctime datetime=\u00222026-09-07T12:00:00Z\u0022\u003ESeptember 07, 2026\u003C\/time\u003E\n\u003C\/div\u003E\n      \n            \u003Cdiv class=\u0022prose field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field--mode-default field--item\u0022\u003E\u003Cp\u003EBenedikt H\u00f6ltgen successfully defended his PhD thesis \u003Cem\u003EThe Construction of\u003C\/em\u003E\u003Cbr\u003E\u003Cem\u003EAlgorithmic Predictions in Society\u003C\/em\u003E and graduated summa cum laude. Congratulations Ben! He is pictured here in his doctoral hat made by the FMLS group. \u00a0His wonderful thesis is linked below.\u00a0\u003C\/p\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\n      \n\n\n\n\u003Cspan class = \u0022others\u0022\u003E\n            \u003Cdiv class=\u0022media media--type-document media--view-mode-default\u0022\u003E\n  \n  \n  \u003Cdiv data-quickedit-entity-id=\u0022media\/6418\u0022 class=\u0022field field--name-field-media-file field--type-file field--label-visually_hidden field--mode-default\u0022\u003E\n    \u003Cdiv class=\u0022field--label sr-only\u0022\u003EFile\u003C\/div\u003E\n              \u003Cdiv class=\u0022field--item\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan class=\u0022file file--mime-application-pdf file--application-pdf icon-before\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan class=\u0022file-ico\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan class=\u0022icon glyphicon glyphicon-file text-primary file-icon icon--pdf\u0022 aria-hidden=\u0022true\u0022\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003Cspan class=\u0022file-link\u0022\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/fm.ls\/files\/fmls\/files\/documents\/the-construction-of-algorithmic-predictions-in-society.pdf\u0022 type=\u0022application\/pdf; length=3701661\u0022 title=\u0022Open file in new window\u0022 target=\u0022_blank\u0022\u003EThe Construction of Algorithmic Predictions in Society\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003Cspan class=\u0022file-size\u0022\u003E3.53 MB\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\n          \u003C\/div\u003E\n\n\u003C\/div\u003E\n\n    \u003C\/span\u003E\n\n\n      \u003C\/div\u003E\n\n\u003C\/article\u003E\n\u003C\/li\u003E\n \u003Cli\u003E\u003Carticle class=\u0022news default clearfix\u0022\u003E\n\n  \n      \u003Ch2 class=\u0022node--title\u0022\u003E\n      \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/fm.ls\/news\/laura-iacovissis-doctoral-defence\u0022 rel=\u0022bookmark\u0022\u003E\n\u003Cspan\u003ELaura Iacovissi\u0026#039;s doctoral defence\u003C\/span\u003E\n\u003C\/a\u003E\n    \u003C\/h2\u003E\n    \n\n  \n  \u003Cdiv class=\u0022content\u0022\u003E\n    \n            \u003Cdiv class=\u0022blazy blazy--field blazy--field-photo-media blazy--field-photo-media--default field field--name-field-photo-media field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field--mode-default field--item\u0022 data-blazy=\u0022\u0022\u003E    \u003Cdiv data-b-token=\u0022b-b1eb567fde8\u0022 class=\u0022media media--blazy media--bundle--image media--image is-b-loading\u0022\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/fm.ls\/files\/fmls\/files\/images\/laura-12.jpg\u0022 class=\u0022slick-lightbox-item\u0022 data-caption=\u0022\u0022 show-title=\u0022\u0022\u003E  \u003Cpicture\u003E\n                  \u003Csource srcset=\u0022\/files\/styles\/gallery\/public\/fmls\/files\/images\/laura-12.webp?h=7411a672\u0026amp;itok=yXn4MX6G 1x\u0022 type=\u0022image\/webp\u0022 width=\u0022180\u0022 height=\u0022180\u0022\/\u003E\n              \u003Csource srcset=\u0022\/files\/styles\/gallery\/public\/fmls\/files\/images\/laura-12.jpg?h=7411a672\u0026amp;itok=yXn4MX6G 1x\u0022 type=\u0022image\/jpeg\u0022 width=\u0022180\u0022 height=\u0022180\u0022\/\u003E\n                  \u003Cimg width=\u0022180\u0022 height=\u0022180\u0022 class=\u0022media__element b-lazy img-responsive\u0022 srcset=\u0022\/files\/styles\/gallery\/public\/fmls\/files\/images\/laura-12.jpg?h=7411a672\u0026amp;itok=yXn4MX6G 1x\u0022 src=\u0022\/files\/styles\/gallery\/public\/fmls\/files\/images\/laura-12.jpg?h=7411a672\u0026amp;itok=yXn4MX6G\u0022 alt=\u0022Laura with doctoral hat\u0022 title=\u0022\u0022 loading=\u0022lazy\u0022 \/\u003E\n\n  \u003C\/picture\u003E\n\u003C\/a\u003E        \u003C\/div\u003E\n  \u003C\/div\u003E\n      \n            \u003Cdiv class=\u0022field field--name-field-date field--type-datetime field--label-hidden field--mode-default field--item\u0022\u003E\u003Ctime datetime=\u00222026-07-28T12:00:00Z\u0022\u003EJuly 28, 2026\u003C\/time\u003E\n\u003C\/div\u003E\n      \n            \u003Cdiv class=\u0022prose field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field--mode-default field--item\u0022\u003E\u003Cp\u003ELaura Iacovissi successfully defended her thesis \u003Cem\u003ETransformations, Equivalences, and Comparisons of Learning Problems \u003C\/em\u003Eand graduated Magna cum Laude. Congratulations Laura! \u00a0She is pictured her with her doctoral hat made by FMLS.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EHer thesis \u00a0is linked below.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\n      \n\n\n\n\u003Cspan class = \u0022others\u0022\u003E\n            \u003Cdiv class=\u0022media media--type-document media--view-mode-default\u0022\u003E\n  \n  \n  \u003Cdiv data-quickedit-entity-id=\u0022media\/6419\u0022 class=\u0022field field--name-field-media-file field--type-file field--label-visually_hidden field--mode-default\u0022\u003E\n    \u003Cdiv class=\u0022field--label sr-only\u0022\u003EFile\u003C\/div\u003E\n              \u003Cdiv class=\u0022field--item\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan class=\u0022file file--mime-application-pdf file--application-pdf icon-before\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan class=\u0022file-ico\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan class=\u0022icon glyphicon glyphicon-file text-primary file-icon icon--pdf\u0022 aria-hidden=\u0022true\u0022\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003Cspan class=\u0022file-link\u0022\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/fm.ls\/files\/fmls\/files\/documents\/transformations-equivalences-and-comparisons-of-learning-problems.pdf\u0022 type=\u0022application\/pdf; length=2765054\u0022 title=\u0022Open file in new window\u0022 target=\u0022_blank\u0022\u003Etransformations-equivalences-and-comparisons-of-learning-problems.pdf\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003Cspan class=\u0022file-size\u0022\u003E2.64 MB\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\n          \u003C\/div\u003E\n\n\u003C\/div\u003E\n\n    \u003C\/span\u003E\n\n\n      \u003C\/div\u003E\n\n\u003C\/article\u003E\n\u003C\/li\u003E\n \u003Cli\u003E\u003Carticle class=\u0022news default clearfix\u0022\u003E\n\n  \n      \u003Ch2 class=\u0022node--title\u0022\u003E\n      \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/fm.ls\/news\/rabanus-derrs-doctoral-defence\u0022 rel=\u0022bookmark\u0022\u003E\n\u003Cspan\u003ERabanus Derr\u0026#039;s doctoral defence\u003C\/span\u003E\n\u003C\/a\u003E\n    \u003C\/h2\u003E\n    \n\n  \n  \u003Cdiv class=\u0022content\u0022\u003E\n    \n            \u003Cdiv class=\u0022blazy blazy--field blazy--field-photo-media blazy--field-photo-media--default field field--name-field-photo-media field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field--mode-default field--item\u0022 data-blazy=\u0022\u0022\u003E    \u003Cdiv data-b-token=\u0022b-2aa4f25b52b\u0022 class=\u0022media media--blazy media--bundle--image media--image is-b-loading\u0022\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/fm.ls\/files\/fmls\/files\/images\/img_0951.jpg\u0022 class=\u0022slick-lightbox-item\u0022 data-caption=\u0022\u0022 show-title=\u0022\u0022\u003E  \u003Cpicture\u003E\n                  \u003Csource srcset=\u0022\/files\/styles\/gallery\/public\/fmls\/files\/images\/img_0951.webp?h=af3b8a89\u0026amp;itok=spKX4IC7 1x\u0022 type=\u0022image\/webp\u0022 width=\u0022180\u0022 height=\u0022180\u0022\/\u003E\n              \u003Csource srcset=\u0022\/files\/styles\/gallery\/public\/fmls\/files\/images\/img_0951.jpg?h=af3b8a89\u0026amp;itok=spKX4IC7 1x\u0022 type=\u0022image\/jpeg\u0022 width=\u0022180\u0022 height=\u0022180\u0022\/\u003E\n                  \u003Cimg width=\u0022180\u0022 height=\u0022180\u0022 class=\u0022media__element b-lazy img-responsive\u0022 srcset=\u0022\/files\/styles\/gallery\/public\/fmls\/files\/images\/img_0951.jpg?h=af3b8a89\u0026amp;itok=spKX4IC7 1x\u0022 src=\u0022\/files\/styles\/gallery\/public\/fmls\/files\/images\/img_0951.jpg?h=af3b8a89\u0026amp;itok=spKX4IC7\u0022 alt=\u0022Rabanus Derr inspecting his doctoral hat\u0022 title=\u0022\u0022 loading=\u0022lazy\u0022 \/\u003E\n\n  \u003C\/picture\u003E\n\u003C\/a\u003E        \u003C\/div\u003E\n  \u003C\/div\u003E\n      \n            \u003Cdiv class=\u0022field field--name-field-date field--type-datetime field--label-hidden field--mode-default field--item\u0022\u003E\u003Ctime datetime=\u00222026-05-06T12:00:00Z\u0022\u003EMay 06, 2026\u003C\/time\u003E\n\u003C\/div\u003E\n      \n            \u003Cdiv class=\u0022prose field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field--mode-default field--item\u0022\u003E\u003Cp\u003ERabanus Derr successfully defended his doctoral thesis on 6 May, and graduated \u003Cem\u003Esumma cum laude. \u00a0\u003C\/em\u003ECongratulations Rabanus!\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EHe is pictured here with his doctoral hat made by the FMLS team.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EHis wonderful thesis is linked below.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\n      \n\n\n\n\u003Cspan class = \u0022others\u0022\u003E\n            \u003Cdiv class=\u0022media media--type-document media--view-mode-default\u0022\u003E\n  \n  \n  \u003Cdiv data-quickedit-entity-id=\u0022media\/6249\u0022 class=\u0022field field--name-field-media-file field--type-file field--label-visually_hidden field--mode-default\u0022\u003E\n    \u003Cdiv class=\u0022field--label sr-only\u0022\u003EFile\u003C\/div\u003E\n              \u003Cdiv class=\u0022field--item\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan class=\u0022file file--mime-application-pdf file--application-pdf icon-before\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan class=\u0022file-ico\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan class=\u0022icon glyphicon glyphicon-file text-primary file-icon icon--pdf\u0022 aria-hidden=\u0022true\u0022\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003Cspan class=\u0022file-link\u0022\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/fm.ls\/files\/fmls\/files\/documents\/four-facets-of-forecast-felicity.pdf\u0022 type=\u0022application\/pdf; length=2226642\u0022 title=\u0022Open file in new window\u0022 target=\u0022_blank\u0022\u003EFour Facets of Forecast Felicity\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003Cspan class=\u0022file-size\u0022\u003E2.12 MB\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\n          \u003C\/div\u003E\n\n  \u003Cdiv data-quickedit-entity-id=\u0022media\/6249\u0022 class=\u0022field field--name-field-file-caption field--type-string-long field--label-above field--mode-default\u0022\u003E\n    \u003Cdiv class=\u0022field--label\u0022\u003EFile Caption\u003C\/div\u003E\n              \u003Cdiv class=\u0022field--item\u0022\u003ERabanus Derr\u0026#039;s doctoral thesis\u003C\/div\u003E\n          \u003C\/div\u003E\n\n\u003C\/div\u003E\n\n    \u003C\/span\u003E\n\n\n      \u003C\/div\u003E\n\n\u003C\/article\u003E\n\u003C\/li\u003E\n \u003Cli\u003E\u003Carticle class=\u0022news default clearfix\u0022\u003E\n\n  \n      \u003Ch2 class=\u0022node--title\u0022\u003E\n      \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/fm.ls\/news\/rhetoric-machine-learning\u0022 rel=\u0022bookmark\u0022\u003E\n\u003Cspan\u003EThe rhetoric of machine learning\u003C\/span\u003E\n\u003C\/a\u003E\n    \u003C\/h2\u003E\n    \n\n  \n  \u003Cdiv class=\u0022content\u0022\u003E\n    \n            \u003Cdiv class=\u0022blazy blazy--field blazy--field-photo-media blazy--field-photo-media--default field field--name-field-photo-media field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field--mode-default field--item\u0022 data-blazy=\u0022\u0022\u003E    \u003Cdiv data-b-token=\u0022b-33b985b518b\u0022 class=\u0022media media--blazy media--bundle--image media--image is-b-loading\u0022\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/fm.ls\/files\/fmls\/files\/images\/racing-car.jpg\u0022 class=\u0022slick-lightbox-item\u0022 data-caption=\u0022\u0022 show-title=\u0022\u0022\u003E  \u003Cpicture\u003E\n                  \u003Csource srcset=\u0022\/files\/styles\/gallery\/public\/fmls\/files\/images\/racing-car.webp?h=80c9446d\u0026amp;itok=SPOAuSk4 1x\u0022 type=\u0022image\/webp\u0022 width=\u0022180\u0022 height=\u0022180\u0022\/\u003E\n              \u003Csource srcset=\u0022\/files\/styles\/gallery\/public\/fmls\/files\/images\/racing-car.jpg?h=80c9446d\u0026amp;itok=SPOAuSk4 1x\u0022 type=\u0022image\/jpeg\u0022 width=\u0022180\u0022 height=\u0022180\u0022\/\u003E\n                  \u003Cimg width=\u0022180\u0022 height=\u0022180\u0022 class=\u0022media__element b-lazy img-responsive\u0022 srcset=\u0022\/files\/styles\/gallery\/public\/fmls\/files\/images\/racing-car.jpg?h=80c9446d\u0026amp;itok=SPOAuSk4 1x\u0022 src=\u0022\/files\/styles\/gallery\/public\/fmls\/files\/images\/racing-car.jpg?h=80c9446d\u0026amp;itok=SPOAuSk4\u0022 alt=\u0022\u0022 title=\u0022\u0022 loading=\u0022lazy\u0022 \/\u003E\n\n  \u003C\/picture\u003E\n\u003C\/a\u003E        \u003C\/div\u003E\n  \u003C\/div\u003E\n      \n            \u003Cdiv class=\u0022field field--name-field-date field--type-datetime field--label-hidden field--mode-default field--item\u0022\u003E\u003Ctime datetime=\u00222026-03-26T12:00:00Z\u0022\u003EMarch 26, 2026\u003C\/time\u003E\n\u003C\/div\u003E\n      \n            \u003Cdiv class=\u0022prose field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field--mode-default field--item\u0022\u003E\u003Cp\u003EBob gave a talk at \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/www.rhetai.com\/program2026\u0022\u003Ealphapersuade 2026\u003C\/a\u003E on the rhetoric of machine learning, and has made the text of the talk (with copious footnotes) available \u003Ca href=\u0022\/files\/fmls\/files\/documents\/rhetoric.pdf\u0022\u003Ehere\u003C\/a\u003E. (The image shows two ML engineers testing their 18B parameter model on a benchmark...)\u003C\/p\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\n      \n      \u003C\/div\u003E\n\n\u003C\/article\u003E\n\u003C\/li\u003E\n \u003Cli\u003E\u003Carticle class=\u0022news default clearfix\u0022\u003E\n\n  \n      \u003Ch2 class=\u0022node--title\u0022\u003E\n      \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/fm.ls\/news\/chris-frolich-defends-his-thesis\u0022 rel=\u0022bookmark\u0022\u003E\n\u003Cspan\u003EChris Fr\u00f6lich defends his thesis\u003C\/span\u003E\n\u003C\/a\u003E\n    \u003C\/h2\u003E\n    \n\n  \n  \u003Cdiv class=\u0022content\u0022\u003E\n    \n            \u003Cdiv class=\u0022blazy blazy--field blazy--field-photo-media blazy--field-photo-media--default field field--name-field-photo-media field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field--mode-default field--item\u0022 data-blazy=\u0022\u0022\u003E    \u003Cdiv data-b-token=\u0022b-2565cd410e5\u0022 class=\u0022media media--blazy media--bundle--image media--image is-b-loading\u0022\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/fm.ls\/files\/fmls\/files\/images\/chris-hat-1.JPG\u0022 class=\u0022slick-lightbox-item\u0022 data-caption=\u0022\u0022 show-title=\u0022\u0022\u003E  \u003Cpicture\u003E\n                  \u003Csource srcset=\u0022\/files\/styles\/gallery\/public\/fmls\/files\/images\/chris-hat-1.webp?h=e4100a5c\u0026amp;itok=p3OsrkW_ 1x\u0022 type=\u0022image\/webp\u0022 width=\u0022180\u0022 height=\u0022180\u0022\/\u003E\n              \u003Csource srcset=\u0022\/files\/styles\/gallery\/public\/fmls\/files\/images\/chris-hat-1.JPG?h=e4100a5c\u0026amp;itok=p3OsrkW_ 1x\u0022 type=\u0022image\/jpeg\u0022 width=\u0022180\u0022 height=\u0022180\u0022\/\u003E\n                  \u003Cimg width=\u0022180\u0022 height=\u0022180\u0022 class=\u0022media__element b-lazy img-responsive\u0022 srcset=\u0022\/files\/styles\/gallery\/public\/fmls\/files\/images\/chris-hat-1.JPG?h=e4100a5c\u0026amp;itok=p3OsrkW_ 1x\u0022 src=\u0022\/files\/styles\/gallery\/public\/fmls\/files\/images\/chris-hat-1.JPG?h=e4100a5c\u0026amp;itok=p3OsrkW_\u0022 alt=\u0022Chris Fr\u00f6hlich PhD hat\u0022 title=\u0022\u0022 loading=\u0022lazy\u0022 \/\u003E\n\n  \u003C\/picture\u003E\n\u003C\/a\u003E        \u003C\/div\u003E\n  \u003C\/div\u003E\n      \n            \u003Cdiv class=\u0022field field--name-field-date field--type-datetime field--label-hidden field--mode-default field--item\u0022\u003E\u003Ctime datetime=\u00222025-07-23T12:00:00Z\u0022\u003EJuly 23, 2025\u003C\/time\u003E\n\u003C\/div\u003E\n      \n            \u003Cdiv class=\u0022prose field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field--mode-default field--item\u0022\u003E\u003Cp\u003EChris Fr\u00f6lich became the first PhD graduate of the FMLS group in July, successfully defending his wonderful thesis \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/publikationen.uni-tuebingen.de\/xmlui\/bitstream\/handle\/10900\/171001\/froehlich_thesis.pdf?sequence=3\u0026amp;isAllowed=y\u0022 title=\u0022Imprecise Probabilities in Machine Learning: Structure and Semantics\u0022\u003EImprecise Probabilities in Machine Learning: Structure and Semantics\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\n      \n      \u003C\/div\u003E\n\n\u003C\/article\u003E\n\u003C\/li\u003E\n \u003Cli\u003E\u003Carticle class=\u0022news default clearfix\u0022\u003E\n\n  \n      \u003Ch2 class=\u0022node--title\u0022\u003E\n      \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/fm.ls\/news\/fmls-hosts-luwsi\u0022 rel=\u0022bookmark\u0022\u003E\n\u003Cspan\u003EFMLS hosts LuWSI\u003C\/span\u003E\n\u003C\/a\u003E\n    \u003C\/h2\u003E\n    \n\n  \n  \u003Cdiv class=\u0022content\u0022\u003E\n    \n            \u003Cdiv class=\u0022field field--name-field-date field--type-datetime field--label-hidden field--mode-default field--item\u0022\u003E\u003Ctime datetime=\u00222025-02-04T12:00:00Z\u0022\u003EFebruary 04, 2025\u003C\/time\u003E\n\u003C\/div\u003E\n      \n            \u003Cdiv class=\u0022prose field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field--mode-default field--item\u0022\u003E\u003Cp\u003EWe are happy to announce that the FMLS group will host the 2nd Workshop on Learning Under Weakly Structured Information. On the 7th and 8th of April, topics, which usually fly below the radar of the fast-paced field of theoretical machine learning will be discussed. More \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/fm.ls\/2nd-workshop-learning-under-weakly-structured-information\u0022\u003Einfo\u003C\/a\u003E. Stay tuned!\u003C\/p\u003E\n\n\u003Cdiv class=\u0022media media--type-image media--view-mode-large-very\u0022\u003E\n  \n  \n            \u003Cdiv data-quickedit-entity-id=\u0022media\/5767\u0022 class=\u0022field field--name-field-media-image field--type-image field--label-hidden field--mode-large_very field--item\u0022\u003E    \u003Cpicture\u003E\n                  \u003Csource srcset=\u0022\/files\/styles\/width_900\/public\/fmls\/files\/luwsi-webpage-banner.webp?itok=Dd8J2fYC 1x, \/files\/styles\/width_1800\/public\/fmls\/files\/luwsi-webpage-banner.webp?itok=E3fo-jK8 2x\u0022 media=\u0022(min-width: 768px)\u0022 type=\u0022image\/webp\u0022\u003E\n              \u003Csource srcset=\u0022\/files\/styles\/width_768\/public\/fmls\/files\/luwsi-webpage-banner.webp?itok=rIJKYg6C 1x, \/files\/styles\/width_1536\/public\/fmls\/files\/luwsi-webpage-banner.webp?itok=ONql7Duv 2x\u0022 media=\u0022(min-width: 480px)\u0022 type=\u0022image\/webp\u0022\u003E\n              \u003Csource srcset=\u0022\/files\/styles\/width_480\/public\/fmls\/files\/luwsi-webpage-banner.webp?itok=vv0oaxGr 1x, \/files\/styles\/width_960\/public\/fmls\/files\/luwsi-webpage-banner.webp?itok=4lKeQ0yX 2x\u0022 media=\u0022(min-width: 0px)\u0022 type=\u0022image\/webp\u0022\u003E\n              \u003Csource srcset=\u0022\/files\/styles\/width_900\/public\/fmls\/files\/luwsi-webpage-banner.png?itok=Dd8J2fYC 1x, \/files\/styles\/width_1800\/public\/fmls\/files\/luwsi-webpage-banner.png?itok=E3fo-jK8 2x\u0022 media=\u0022(min-width: 768px)\u0022 type=\u0022image\/png\u0022\u003E\n              \u003Csource srcset=\u0022\/files\/styles\/width_768\/public\/fmls\/files\/luwsi-webpage-banner.png?itok=rIJKYg6C 1x, \/files\/styles\/width_1536\/public\/fmls\/files\/luwsi-webpage-banner.png?itok=ONql7Duv 2x\u0022 media=\u0022(min-width: 480px)\u0022 type=\u0022image\/png\u0022\u003E\n              \u003Csource srcset=\u0022\/files\/styles\/width_480\/public\/fmls\/files\/luwsi-webpage-banner.png?itok=vv0oaxGr 1x, \/files\/styles\/width_960\/public\/fmls\/files\/luwsi-webpage-banner.png?itok=4lKeQ0yX 2x\u0022 media=\u0022(min-width: 0px)\u0022 type=\u0022image\/png\u0022\u003E\n                  \u003Cimg loading=\u0022lazy\u0022 src=\u0022\/files\/styles\/width_900\/public\/fmls\/files\/luwsi-webpage-banner.png?itok=Dd8J2fYC\u0022 alt=\u00222nd Workshop on Learning under Weakly Structured Information\u0022 class=\u0022img-responsive\u0022\u003E\n\n  \u003C\/picture\u003E\n\n\u003C\/div\u003E\n      \n\u003C\/div\u003E\n\n\u003C\/div\u003E\n      \n      \u003C\/div\u003E\n\n\u003C\/article\u003E\n\u003C\/li\u003E\n \u003Cli\u003E\u003Carticle class=\u0022news default clearfix\u0022\u003E\n\n  \n      \u003Ch2 class=\u0022node--title\u0022\u003E\n      \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/fm.ls\/news\/slow-science\u0022 rel=\u0022bookmark\u0022\u003E\n\u003Cspan\u003ESlow Science\u003C\/span\u003E\n\u003C\/a\u003E\n    \u003C\/h2\u003E\n    \n\n  \n  \u003Cdiv class=\u0022content\u0022\u003E\n    \n            \u003Cdiv class=\u0022field field--name-field-date field--type-datetime field--label-hidden field--mode-default field--item\u0022\u003E\u003Ctime datetime=\u00222024-04-16T12:00:00Z\u0022\u003EApril 16, 2024\u003C\/time\u003E\n\u003C\/div\u003E\n      \n            \u003Cdiv class=\u0022prose field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field--mode-default field--item\u0022\u003E\u003Cp\u003EMachine learning research is notoriously fast paced. Can one get off the treadmill and embrace a notion of \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Slow_science\u0022\u003Eslow science\u003C\/a\u003E? I am pleased to be able to argue yes by example! Recently I have had two works published with a very long gestation.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\n\u003Cp\u003EThe first \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/fm.ls\/publications\/geometry-and-calculus-losses\u0022\u003EGeometry and Calculus of Losses\u003C\/a\u003E reports work that started in 2012 (not a typo). It presents a beautiful (yes it is!) geometric theory of loss functions, with all sorts of interesting connections to convex geometry and economics. \u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022media media--type-image media--view-mode-full-width\u0022\u003E\n  \n  \n            \u003Cdiv data-quickedit-entity-id=\u0022media\/5414\u0022 class=\u0022field field--name-field-media-image field--type-image field--label-hidden field--mode-full_width field--item\u0022\u003E    \u003Cpicture\u003E\n                  \u003Csource srcset=\u0022\/files\/styles\/width_1280\/public\/fmls\/files\/geom.webp?itok=yGsg8GcC 1x, \/files\/styles\/width_2560\/public\/fmls\/files\/geom.webp?itok=VOgrLxRG 2x\u0022 media=\u0022(min-width: 1024px)\u0022 type=\u0022image\/webp\u0022\u003E\n              \u003Csource srcset=\u0022\/files\/styles\/width_1024\/public\/fmls\/files\/geom.webp?itok=ODFG7Xbd 1x, \/files\/styles\/width_2048\/public\/fmls\/files\/geom.webp?itok=gZ9yxXca 2x\u0022 media=\u0022(min-width: 768px)\u0022 type=\u0022image\/webp\u0022\u003E\n              \u003Csource srcset=\u0022\/files\/styles\/width_768\/public\/fmls\/files\/geom.webp?itok=Xk98FpjR 1x, \/files\/styles\/width_1536\/public\/fmls\/files\/geom.webp?itok=m3ZUr8GV 2x\u0022 media=\u0022(min-width: 480px)\u0022 type=\u0022image\/webp\u0022\u003E\n              \u003Csource srcset=\u0022\/files\/styles\/width_480\/public\/fmls\/files\/geom.webp?itok=71drDN1l 1x, \/files\/styles\/width_960\/public\/fmls\/files\/geom.webp?itok=2a2CY11L 2x\u0022 media=\u0022(min-width: 0px)\u0022 type=\u0022image\/webp\u0022\u003E\n              \u003Csource srcset=\u0022\/files\/styles\/width_1280\/public\/fmls\/files\/geom.png?itok=yGsg8GcC 1x, \/files\/styles\/width_2560\/public\/fmls\/files\/geom.png?itok=VOgrLxRG 2x\u0022 media=\u0022(min-width: 1024px)\u0022 type=\u0022image\/png\u0022\u003E\n              \u003Csource srcset=\u0022\/files\/styles\/width_1024\/public\/fmls\/files\/geom.png?itok=ODFG7Xbd 1x, \/files\/styles\/width_2048\/public\/fmls\/files\/geom.png?itok=gZ9yxXca 2x\u0022 media=\u0022(min-width: 768px)\u0022 type=\u0022image\/png\u0022\u003E\n              \u003Csource srcset=\u0022\/files\/styles\/width_768\/public\/fmls\/files\/geom.png?itok=Xk98FpjR 1x, \/files\/styles\/width_1536\/public\/fmls\/files\/geom.png?itok=m3ZUr8GV 2x\u0022 media=\u0022(min-width: 480px)\u0022 type=\u0022image\/png\u0022\u003E\n              \u003Csource srcset=\u0022\/files\/styles\/width_480\/public\/fmls\/files\/geom.png?itok=71drDN1l 1x, \/files\/styles\/width_960\/public\/fmls\/files\/geom.png?itok=2a2CY11L 2x\u0022 media=\u0022(min-width: 0px)\u0022 type=\u0022image\/png\u0022\u003E\n                  \u003Cimg loading=\u0022eager\u0022 src=\u0022\/files\/styles\/width_1280\/public\/fmls\/files\/geom.png?itok=yGsg8GcC\u0022 alt class=\u0022img-responsive\u0022\u003E\n\n  \u003C\/picture\u003E\n\n\u003C\/div\u003E\n      \n\u003C\/div\u003E\n\n\n\u003Cp\u003EThe second \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/fm.ls\/publications\/information-processing-equalities-and-information-risk-bridge\u0022\u003EInformation Processing Equalities and the Information-Risk Bridge\u003C\/a\u003E builds upon the first and revisits what is arguably the most basic result in information theory, namely the \u0022information processing \u003Cem\u003Einequality\u003C\/em\u003E.\u0022 It shows that in fact it can be written as an \u003Cem\u003Eequality\u003C\/em\u003E, albeit one with different measures of information on each side. It also presents a more general theory of the bridge between information and risk, showing these are\u0026nbsp; generally two sides of the same coin. The earliest version of one of the main results was worked out in 2007 (again not a typo). It was published last week ... after some 17 years!\u003C\/p\u003E\n\n\u003Cp\u003EThis work took a very long time largely because of external events (my work on \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/acola.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/saf05-pre-publication-report-researchers.pdf\u0022\u003ETechnology and Australia\u0027s Future\u003C\/a\u003E which totally absorbed my efforts for 2.5 years), the absorption of \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/NICTA\u0022\u003ENICTA\u003C\/a\u003E into CSIRO (another several years, not at all pleasant), my move from Australia to Germany, and a serious health issue in 2022 (also no fun).\u003C\/p\u003E\n\n\u003Cp\u003EI am pleased to see both these works finally published. :-)\u003C\/p\u003E\n\n\u003Cp\u003EBob\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003C\/div\u003E\n      \n      \u003C\/div\u003E\n\n\u003C\/article\u003E\n\u003C\/li\u003E\n \u003Cli\u003E\u003Carticle class=\u0022news default clearfix\u0022\u003E\n\n  \n      \u003Ch2 class=\u0022node--title\u0022\u003E\n      \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/fm.ls\/news\/bobs-inaugural-lecture\u0022 rel=\u0022bookmark\u0022\u003E\n\u003Cspan\u003EBob\u0026#039;s Inaugural Lecture\u003C\/span\u003E\n\u003C\/a\u003E\n    \u003C\/h2\u003E\n    \n\n  \n  \u003Cdiv class=\u0022content\u0022\u003E\n    \n            \u003Cdiv class=\u0022blazy blazy--field blazy--field-photo-media blazy--field-photo-media--default field field--name-field-photo-media field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field--mode-default field--item\u0022 data-blazy=\u0022\u0022\u003E    \u003Cdiv data-b-token=\u0022b-70c39342678\u0022 class=\u0022media media--blazy media--bundle--image media--image is-b-loading\u0022\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/fm.ls\/files\/fmls\/files\/inauguralreception.jpg\u0022 class=\u0022slick-lightbox-item\u0022 data-caption=\u0022FMLS team at Bob\u0026#039;s Inaugural Lecture Reception\u0022 show-title=\u0022\u0022\u003E  \u003Cpicture\u003E\n                  \u003Csource srcset=\u0022\/files\/styles\/gallery\/public\/fmls\/files\/inauguralreception.webp?itok=7PLXu9tF 1x\u0022 type=\u0022image\/webp\u0022 width=\u0022180\u0022 height=\u0022180\u0022\/\u003E\n              \u003Csource srcset=\u0022\/files\/styles\/gallery\/public\/fmls\/files\/inauguralreception.jpg?itok=7PLXu9tF 1x\u0022 type=\u0022image\/jpeg\u0022 width=\u0022180\u0022 height=\u0022180\u0022\/\u003E\n                  \u003Cimg width=\u0022180\u0022 height=\u0022180\u0022 class=\u0022media__element b-lazy img-responsive\u0022 srcset=\u0022\/files\/styles\/gallery\/public\/fmls\/files\/inauguralreception.jpg?itok=7PLXu9tF 1x\u0022 src=\u0022\/files\/styles\/gallery\/public\/fmls\/files\/inauguralreception.jpg?itok=7PLXu9tF\u0022 alt=\u0022FMLS team at Bob\u0026#039;s Inaugural Lecture Reception\u0022 title=\u0022FMLS team at Bob\u0026#039;s Inaugural Lecture Reception\u0022 loading=\u0022lazy\u0022 \/\u003E\n\n  \u003C\/picture\u003E\n\u003C\/a\u003E        \u003C\/div\u003E\n  \u003C\/div\u003E\n      \n            \u003Cdiv class=\u0022field field--name-field-date field--type-datetime field--label-hidden field--mode-default field--item\u0022\u003E\u003Ctime datetime=\u00222023-09-27T12:00:00Z\u0022\u003ESeptember 27, 2023\u003C\/time\u003E\n\u003C\/div\u003E\n      \n            \u003Cdiv class=\u0022prose field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field--mode-default field--item\u0022\u003E\u003Cp\u003EBob Williamson gave his inaugural lecture at the University of T\u00fcbingen recently.\u00a0 The photo shows the FMLS group at the reception. A video recording of the lecture can be found \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/angharad-dean.art\/media\/BobInauguralLecture.mp4\u0022 title=\u0022Bob\u0027s Inaugural Lecture\u0022\u003Ehere\u003C\/a\u003E.\u00a0\u00a0 A pdf of the slides is \u003Ca href=\u0022\/files\/fmls\/files\/inaugural_lecture_2023.pdf\u0022\u003Ehere\u003C\/a\u003E.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\n\u003Cp\u003E\u00a0\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003C\/div\u003E\n      \n      \u003C\/div\u003E\n\n\u003C\/article\u003E\n\u003C\/li\u003E\n \u003Cli\u003E\u003Carticle class=\u0022news default clearfix\u0022\u003E\n\n  \n      \u003Ch2 class=\u0022node--title\u0022\u003E\n      \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/fm.ls\/news\/systems-precision-intersectionality-meets-measurability\u0022 rel=\u0022bookmark\u0022\u003E\n\u003Cspan\u003E Systems of Precision - Intersectionality meets Measurability\u003C\/span\u003E\n\u003C\/a\u003E\n    \u003C\/h2\u003E\n    \n\n  \n  \u003Cdiv class=\u0022content\u0022\u003E\n    \n            \u003Cdiv class=\u0022field field--name-field-date field--type-datetime field--label-hidden field--mode-default field--item\u0022\u003E\u003Ctime datetime=\u00222023-09-11T12:00:00Z\u0022\u003ESeptember 11, 2023\u003C\/time\u003E\n\u003C\/div\u003E\n      \n            \u003Cdiv class=\u0022prose field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field--mode-default field--item\u0022\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cspan class=\u0022break-words\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan\u003E\u003Cspan dir=\u0022ltr\u0022\u003EThe usual way probability theory is used is that you posit an algebra of events. Each such event has a probability (that is, it is \u0022measurable\u0022). The assumption that the set of events that have a probability is an algebra means that if A and B are both events then \u0022A and B\u0022 is also an event (the intersection also has a probability). What happens if you do not make that assumption? In \u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1099-4300\/25\/9\/1283\u0022\u003Ethis paper\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Cspan class=\u0022break-words\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan\u003E\u003Cspan dir=\u0022ltr\u0022\u003E (by Rabanus Derr and Bob Williamson) we provide an answer: you recover the theory of imprecise probability! This builds an intriguing bridge between measure theory and notions from social science such as intersectionality. One conclusion is that measurability should not be construed as a mere technical annoyance; rather, it is a crucial part of how you choose to model the world. \u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003C\/div\u003E\n      \n      \u003C\/div\u003E\n\n\u003C\/article\u003E\n\u003C\/li\u003E\n \u003Cli\u003E\u003Carticle class=\u0022news default clearfix\u0022\u003E\n\n  \n      \u003Ch2 class=\u0022node--title\u0022\u003E\n      \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/fm.ls\/news\/paper-calibration-facct\u0022 rel=\u0022bookmark\u0022\u003E\n\u003Cspan\u003EPaper on Calibration at FaCCT\u003C\/span\u003E\n\u003C\/a\u003E\n    \u003C\/h2\u003E\n    \n\n  \n  \u003Cdiv class=\u0022content\u0022\u003E\n    \n            \u003Cdiv class=\u0022field field--name-field-date field--type-datetime field--label-hidden field--mode-default field--item\u0022\u003E\u003Ctime datetime=\u00222023-06-15T12:00:00Z\u0022\u003EJune 15, 2023\u003C\/time\u003E\n\u003C\/div\u003E\n      \n            \u003Cdiv class=\u0022prose field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field--mode-default field--item\u0022\u003E\u003Cp\u003EOur paper on \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/fm.ls\/publications\/richness-calibration\u0022\u003EThe Richness of Calibration \u003C\/a\u003Ehas appeared in the proceedings of FaCCT 2023\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003C\/div\u003E\n      \n      \u003C\/div\u003E\n\n\u003C\/article\u003E\n\u003C\/li\u003E\n\u003C\/ul\u003E\n  \u003Cnav role=\u0022navigation\u0022 aria-labelledby=\u0022pagination-for-news\u0022 id=pager-heading\u003E\n    \u003Ch3 id=\u0022pagination-for-news\u0022 class=\u0022visually-hidden\u0022\u003Epagination for news\u003C\/h3\u003E\n    \u003Cul class=\u0022js-pager__items pager-mini\u0022\u003E\n            \u003Cli class=\u0022current\u0022\u003E\n        \u003Cspan aria-live=\u0022polite\u0022\u003E\n            \u003Cspan class=\u0022visually-hidden\u0022\u003ENews\u003C\/span\u003E\n            1 of 2\n          \u003C\/span\u003E      \u003C\/li\u003E\n              \u003Cli\u003E\n          \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/fm.ls\/refresh-widget-content\/6159?page=1\u0026amp;selector=list-of-posts\u0026amp;pagerid=pager-heading\u0026amp;moreid=node-readmore\u0022 class=\u0022use-ajax next\u0022 rel=\u0022next\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan aria-hidden=\u0022true\u0022\u003E\u203a\u203a\u003C\/span\u003E\u003Cspan class=\u0022visually-hidden\u0022\u003ENext page\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E\n        \u003C\/li\u003E\n          \u003C\/ul\u003E\n  \u003C\/nav\u003E\n\n\u003Cdiv class=\u0022node-readmore\u0022 id=node-readmore\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\n","settings":null},{"command":"insert","method":"replaceWith","selector":"#","data":"","settings":null},{"command":"insert","method":"replaceWith","selector":"#","data":"","settings":null},{"command":"insert","method":"replaceWith","selector":".field--name-field-widget-title","data":"","settings":null}]